Most companies justify spending on a cleanroom for one of following reasons:

• Higher Yield – manufacturing in a cleanroom results in less bad product. The manufacturing savings pay for the cleanroom. A good example of this is in the semiconductor manufacturing industry where class 100 / ISO5 cleanrooms are industry standard.
• Customer requirement – if your company supplies the defense industry or medical device industry, they typically specify the classification of the  cleanroom your product must be manufactured in to ensure you meet their sterility, cleanliness, or quality requirements.
• Regulatory requirements – government or industry agencies such as FDA, NSF, DOD, or USP specify that certain products be manufactured to government. For example, USP797 compounding must be done in ISO7 cleanroom.

Knowing what cleanroom classification is required for your application and building just to that level will save you money. Setting too high of a cleanroom classification will drive your cost up unnecessarily.

Your cleanroom is typically a year around net heat generator and it requires a dedicated air conditioner. Sizing your cleanroom air conditioner correctly requires taking into account cleanroom characteristics like process heat load, exhaust cfm, and HEPA fan filter unit heat load. Designing the cleanroom AC system is very different than standard industrial air conditioning and should be done by a cleanroom specialist.

Depending on your cleaning regimen, you may need a chemical resistant wall surface. Electronic applications often choose static dissipative walls. However, if you don’t have special needs then a basic modular cleanroom wall material will result in the lowest cost.

For pharmaceutical cleanrooms and medical device cleanrooms, heat welded vinyl floors with integral cove are very popular due to their ability to withstand cleaning with strong chemicals required to maintain cleanroom sterility. Static dissipative cleanroom vinyl flooring is common for electronic cleanrooms like semiconductor where electrostatic discharge ESD can damage the cleanroom product.

Cleanroom doors are used for personnel entry, material transfer, equipment installation and emergency exits. Gown room doors for personnel are typically single doors. Material transfer doors can be cart pass thru’s, double doors, or motorized roll up doors. Cleanroom equipment doors are rarely used large double doors that go directly into cleanroom. Emergency exit doors are typically rarely used single doors with panic bars. For frequently used internal cleanroom doors – hands free motorized sliding doors can be used. The advantage of modular cleanroom construction is the ability to easily add doors after construction by swapping standard panels for door panels.